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RANDOM function

The RANDOM function is used to generate a pseudo-random number, typically between 0 and 1. It is commonly used in data sampling, randomized ordering, or generating random values for testing purposes.

Syntax

RANDOM()

Returns

Returns a pseudo-random floating-point number between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive).

  • The values are generated using an internal algorithm that is deterministic based on a seed value (if the seed is set).

  • The distribution of values is uniform, meaning every number in the range has an equal probability of being generated.

Limits

  • The RANDOM function produces pseudo-random numbers, which are not suitable for cryptographic purposes.

  • To generate numbers outside the default range (e.g. integers or larger ranges), additional transformations are required (e.g. multiplication, addition, or casting).

Examples

Generating random values

-- Example 1: Generate a random number between 0 and 1
> SELECT RANDOM();
0.5687432941

-- Example 2: Generate multiple random numbers
> SELECT RANDOM() AS random_1, RANDOM() AS random_2;
0.345623542  | 0.892374634